{
  "schema_version": 1,
  "verified_on": "2026-10-04",
  "target": {
    "name": "明孝端皇后九龙九凤冠",
    "repository": "中国国家博物馆",
    "era": "明万历",
    "findspot": "北京明定陵",
    "excavation_year": 1957,
    "archaeological_inventory_reference": "X1:2"
  },
  "dimensions": {
    "overall_height_cm": 48.5,
    "crown_height_cm": 27,
    "opening_diameter_cm": 23.7,
    "weight_g": 2320,
    "bobin_length_cm": 23,
    "bobin_width_cm": null,
    "sources": [
      "S1",
      "S3",
      "S4"
    ]
  },
  "counts": {
    "upper_crown_dragons": 9,
    "phoenixes": 9,
    "front_phoenixes": 8,
    "rear_phoenixes": 1,
    "jewels_total": 115,
    "red_stones_official_ruby_wording": 57,
    "blue_stones_official_sapphire_wording": 58,
    "pearls": 4414,
    "kingfisher_cloud_plaques": 44,
    "bobin_strips": 6,
    "dragons_per_bobin": 2,
    "jewels_per_bobin": 3,
    "sources": [
      "S1",
      "S5"
    ]
  },
  "rejected_target_claims": [
    {
      "claim": "115 natural rubies",
      "reason": "Official source separates 57 red and 58 blue stones; modern mineral identification for every target stone is not established."
    },
    {
      "claim": "90 cloud plaques and 74 leaves",
      "reason": "These numbers occur in secondary descriptions of the different twelve-dragon nine-phoenix crown; target cloud count is 44."
    },
    {
      "claim": "more than 5000 pearls",
      "reason": "Target-specific official count is 4414; other crowns have different counts."
    },
    {
      "claim": "all 48.5 cm is the main cap height",
      "reason": "Museum separately records crown height 27 cm; drooping bobin contributes to full silhouette."
    }
  ],
  "visual_observations": {
    "confidence": "interpretive_photographic",
    "core": "rounded cap on a dark green visible textile/ground with a dark red lowest band",
    "bobin": "six curved narrow strips descending from two rear dragon-mouth mounts, lower tips curling forward/outward",
    "materials": [
      "warm gold filigree",
      "cyan to blue directional kingfisher feather surfaces",
      "uneven ivory/off-white pearls",
      "irregular dark red and blue stones with inclusions"
    ],
    "color_calibration": "not available; suggested digital colors are not measured artifact reflectances"
  },
  "digital_data_status": {
    "museum_digital_projects_exist": true,
    "target_raw_scan_obtained": false,
    "target_public_model_download_license_obtained": false,
    "target_structured_light_plus_relighting_capture_confirmed": false,
    "this_project_model": "independent interpretation based on public text and photography, not an NMC scan or museum-certified replica"
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "S1",
      "title": "来国博看中国｜馆藏精品：孝端皇后九龙九凤冠",
      "publisher": "中国国家博物馆",
      "date": "2026-03-06",
      "url": "https://www.chnmuseum.cn/zx/gbxw/202603/t20260306_278223.shtml",
      "kind": "museum_primary",
      "confidence": "high",
      "supports": [
        "official dimensions and weight",
        "115 stones: 57 red and 58 blue",
        "4414 pearls",
        "44 kingfisher cloud plaques",
        "9 upper gold dragons and 8 front phoenixes plus 1 rear",
        "six bobin strips, each with two dragons and three stones",
        "owners and current repositories of the four crowns"
      ],
      "note": "Principal authority. The count of nine dragons refers to the upper crown ornaments; the twelve dragons on the bobin are additional motifs."
    },
    {
      "id": "S2",
      "title": "孝端皇后凤冠",
      "publisher": "中国国家博物馆",
      "url": "https://www.chnmuseum.cn/zp/zpml/kgfjp/202111/t20211126_252409.shtml",
      "kind": "museum_collection_record",
      "confidence": "high",
      "supports": [
        "lacquered bamboo core and silk covering",
        "downward-facing phoenix heads",
        "three rows of jewel-centered pearl ornaments",
        "filigree, kingfisher feather inlay, stone setting and pearl stringing"
      ],
      "note": "Older and newer official texts disagree about six-sided versus eight-sided storage boxes; storage-box geometry is not used in this reconstruction."
    },
    {
      "id": "S3",
      "title": "《思接千载》新书试读｜孝端皇后凤冠：欲享其尊，必承其重",
      "publisher": "中国国家博物馆",
      "author": "段丽彬",
      "date": "2025-05-17",
      "url": "https://www.chnmuseum.cn/zx/gbxw/202505/t20250516_271725.shtml",
      "kind": "museum_book_excerpt",
      "confidence": "high",
      "supports": [
        "crown height 27 cm",
        "overall height 48.5 cm and opening diameter 23.7 cm",
        "1957 Dingling provenance",
        "rear reference photograph"
      ],
      "book": "思接千载：115件文物里的古代中国，中信出版集团，2025，pp.524–529"
    },
    {
      "id": "S4",
      "title": "故宫网站刊载皇后礼服文献，页117",
      "publisher": "故宫博物院网站",
      "url": "https://www.dpm.org.cn/Uploads/File/2020/04/22/u5ea00e5a5e08e.pdf",
      "kind": "institution_hosted_research_pdf",
      "confidence": "medium_high",
      "supports": [
        "each bobin is 23 cm long",
        "two gold dragon-mouth attachment pieces",
        "nine major pearl-flower groups, each with three stones",
        "rear phoenix and top jewel flower"
      ],
      "limitations": [
        "PDF full bibliographic title not independently verified",
        "indexed page 117 was inspected as text; complete PDF download timed out",
        "illustration is a drawing based on the excavated object, not a 3D scan"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "S5",
      "title": "明万历孝靖皇后凤冠镶嵌宝石的种属判定",
      "authors": [
        "罗涵",
        "孔艳菊",
        "刘岳",
        "仇泰格"
      ],
      "publisher": "故宫博物院院刊",
      "date": "2018",
      "issue": "2018年第5期，第199期",
      "url": "https://www.dpm.org.cn/Uploads/File/2018/10/11/u5bbf0f98c97a0.pdf",
      "kind": "museum_research_paper",
      "confidence": "high_for_table_only",
      "supports": [
        "Table 4 records Dingling crown X1:2 with 115 stones: 57 red and 58 blue"
      ],
      "limitations": [
        "Direct mineral identification in this paper concerns Xiaojing’s three-dragon two-phoenix crown, not the present Xiaoduan crown",
        "Table note says historical hongbaoshi denotes red-colored stones, not necessarily modern ruby mineral species"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "S6",
      "title": "点翠嵌珠石金龙凤冠",
      "publisher": "故宫博物院",
      "url": "https://www.dpm.org.cn/collection/embroider/231038.html",
      "kind": "museum_comparison_record",
      "confidence": "high",
      "supports": [
        "Xiaojing three-dragon two-phoenix crown is a different artifact"
      ],
      "exclude_for_target": [
        "35.5 cm height",
        "20 cm diameter",
        "2.95 kg weight"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "S7",
      "title": "Fengguan with Nine Dragons and Nine Phoenixes of Empress Xiaoduan",
      "publisher": "Wikimedia Commons",
      "url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Fengguan_with_Nine_Dragons_and_Nine_Phoenixes_of_Empress_Xiaoduan",
      "kind": "image_catalog",
      "confidence": "visual_cross_checked",
      "supports": [
        "image discovery only"
      ],
      "limitations": [
        "File captions can contain incorrect historical names. Museum records take precedence.",
        "Licenses are checked individually; the category is not a blanket license."
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "V1",
      "title": "《国家宝藏·周游季》 20260212",
      "publisher": "央视网",
      "date": "2026-02-12",
      "url": "https://tv.cctv.com/2026/02/12/VIDEBYc9D7Ei5pNmQSaV3giC260212.shtml",
      "kind": "official_video_page",
      "verification": "page and program synopsis verified; complete footage not individually reviewed",
      "rights": "link only; no video redistribution permission obtained"
    },
    {
      "id": "V2",
      "title": "《国宝档案》 20120924 明 定陵皇后凤冠",
      "publisher": "央视网 CCTV-4",
      "date": "2012-09-24",
      "url": "https://tv.cctv.com/2012/09/24/VIDE1355505511165597.shtml",
      "kind": "official_video_page",
      "verification": "page and synopsis verified; covers all four crowns, so shots must be identified separately",
      "rights": "link only; no video redistribution permission obtained"
    },
    {
      "id": "V3",
      "title": "视频 | 从凤冠到凤冠冰箱贴：文明瑰宝扮靓日常",
      "publisher": "中国国家博物馆",
      "date": "2026-03-10",
      "url": "https://www.chnmuseum.cn/zx/gbxw/202603/t20260310_278224.shtml",
      "kind": "museum_video_page",
      "verification": "page verified; also contains derivative merchandise",
      "rights": "link only; museum copyright statement applies"
    },
    {
      "id": "V4",
      "title": "国家博物馆藏—明代孝端皇后九龙九凤冠高清细节展示",
      "publisher": "哔哩哔哩",
      "author": "追影2130",
      "date": "2024-10-25",
      "url": "https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV195y1YKEer/",
      "kind": "third_party_video",
      "verification": "page verified, not used for quantitative facts",
      "rights": "author explicitly prohibits unauthorized republication; link only"
    },
    {
      "id": "D1",
      "title": "“五冠聚首”再现明皇家冠服礼制",
      "publisher": "北京市人民政府门户网站，来源北京日报",
      "date": "2026-07-06",
      "url": "https://www.beijing.gov.cn/fuwu/bmfw/sy/jrts/202607/t20260706_4748158.html",
      "kind": "government_exhibition_report",
      "confidence": "high_for_project_existence",
      "supports": [
        "2026 Ming culture exhibition combined physical objects and digital reconstructions",
        "five crowns include Xiaoduan nine-dragon nine-phoenix crown",
        "3D acquisition, digital twins, crown animations and touchscreen displays"
      ],
      "limitations": [
        "does not publish the target artifact’s raw scans, mesh files, capture accuracy, file license or download endpoint",
        "does not prove every physical crown was on site"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "D2",
      "title": "以创新与包容重塑未来：中国国家博物馆在快速变革时代的使命担当",
      "author": "中国国家博物馆",
      "publisher": "中国新闻发布，五洲期刊中心",
      "date": "2025-05-29",
      "url": "https://www.zgxwfb.cn/2025/05/29/a72df42b37e948e3987a2da63aef0c52.html",
      "kind": "museum_authored_report",
      "confidence": "high_for_institutional_capability",
      "supports": [
        "NMC 3D acquisition center and high-precision structured-light scanning",
        "reported model precision up to 0.01 mm and 7500 digitized objects"
      ],
      "limitations": [
        "institution-wide capability, not a certified measurement for this crown",
        "does not confirm this crown used structured light combined with relighting photography",
        "not a public data license"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "D3",
      "title": "国博云观展再升级 文物360度随心看",
      "publisher": "中国国家博物馆",
      "date": "2020-03-02",
      "url": "https://www.chnmuseum.cn/zx/gbxw/202003/t20200302_203035.shtml",
      "kind": "museum_digital_program",
      "confidence": "high",
      "supports": [
        "NMC has publicly displayed 3D artifacts",
        "initial examples included eagle pottery ding and painted jar"
      ],
      "limitations": [
        "target crown is not identified as one of the available 3D models in this announcement"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "D4",
      "title": "国博文物活化利用上新 中华文明云展试点上线！",
      "publisher": "中国国家博物馆",
      "date": "2023-10-30",
      "url": "https://www.chnmuseum.cn/zx/gbxw/202310/t20231026_265353.shtml",
      "kind": "museum_digital_program",
      "confidence": "high",
      "supports": [
        "digital twin exhibition and interactive 3D presentation"
      ],
      "limitations": [
        "announced pilot covers Xia, Shang and Western Zhou, not Ming crown"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "R1",
      "title": "中国国家博物馆网站版权声明",
      "publisher": "中国国家博物馆",
      "url": "https://www.chnmuseum.cn/shxg/bqsm/201901/t20190102_37015.shtml",
      "kind": "rights_statement",
      "verified": "2026-10-04",
      "summary": "Museum claims rights to its content, requires attribution for use, and prior written permission for commercial use or modification. Museum photographs are research-only local references here and are linked, not republished on the site."
    },
    {
      "id": "M1",
      "title": "金缕凤冠",
      "author": "wannawow摆烂猫",
      "publisher": "3DGO mirror of MakerWorld model 791735",
      "date": "2024-11-16",
      "url": "https://3dgo.app/models/makerworld/791735",
      "kind": "third_party_printable_model_lead",
      "verification": "mirror description indexed; original MakerWorld access and current license not fully verified",
      "reported_license": "Standard Digital File License",
      "supports": [
        "author describes Blender creation and deliberate redesign/new elements"
      ],
      "limitations": [
        "not a scan",
        "not validated as geometrically identical to the target crown",
        "no download, purchase, reuse or redistribution performed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "M2",
      "title": "孝端皇后九龙九凤冠3D模型，检索线索",
      "publisher": "3D溜溜网",
      "date": "2024-12-07",
      "url": "https://www.3d66.com/collection-3d/fuhaozun.html",
      "kind": "commercial_model_search_lead",
      "verification": "indexed listing states .max .obj .fbx, V-Ray textures and about 2.899 million faces; detail page and price not yet verified",
      "limitations": [
        "200 CNY claim not verified",
        "no file purchased or downloaded",
        "not evidence of museum scan provenance",
        "mesh fidelity and redistribution rights unverified"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "public_site_photographs": [
    {
      "id": "PA",
      "title": "File:Ming Empress Crown a.jpg",
      "author": "Gary Todd",
      "url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ming_Empress_Crown_a.jpg",
      "download_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e7/Ming_Empress_Crown_a.jpg",
      "license": "CC0",
      "license_url": "http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/deed.en",
      "view": "front with lower drapes",
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      "modification": "resized with macOS sips to 1600 px longest edge; no recoloring or cropping",
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      "identity_verification": "Viewed and visually compared with NMC front/side/rear photograph. Matches crown body, motifs and drapes. Old English caption says Xiaojing in error; museum identity adopted.",
      "license_verified_on": "2026-10-04"
    },
    {
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      "author": "Gary Todd",
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    },
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    },
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      "license_verified_on": "2026-10-04"
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  ],
  "museum_reference_images": [
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    },
    {
      "url": "https://www.chnmuseum.cn/zx/gbxw/202603/W020260311521536586516.jpg",
      "parent_source": "S1",
      "rights_source": "R1",
      "site_usage": "external link only",
      "download_verified_complete": false
    },
    {
      "url": "https://www.chnmuseum.cn/zx/gbxw/202603/W020260311521536597239.jpg",
      "parent_source": "S1",
      "rights_source": "R1",
      "site_usage": "external link only",
      "download_verified_complete": false
    },
    {
      "url": "https://www.chnmuseum.cn/zx/gbxw/202505/W020250516525511599380.png",
      "parent_source": "S3",
      "rights_source": "R1",
      "site_usage": "external link only",
      "download_verified_complete": true,
      "view": "book spread with rear view"
    }
  ],
  "coverage_limits": [
    "No calibrated color chart or original reflectance data.",
    "No complete calibrated 360-degree image sequence, raw point cloud or measurement report.",
    "Gallery photographs are perspective views, not orthographic views.",
    "Videos are linked and their page descriptions checked; no complete frame-by-frame inspection performed.",
    "Exact counts on the historical artifact are not claimed as verified counts in the model."
  ]
}